lte network architecture

LTE Network Architecture 

Today our topic is LTE Network Architecture important because we are using this technology at present time so we must know about lte network architecture, 2G, 3G now became old so we will learn in details about lte network architecture and its hardware components working principle in this topic. 

Lte Network Architecture working principle

you will learn here best concept for lte network architecture and its hardware function i will try my best to give you best concept, i hope if you will read complete post you will complete understand lte network architecture your all doubt will clear point to point only need to read complete post see below carefully the picture for lte network architecture.

                                                   

LTE Network Architecture

                                         

before we start lte network architecture i will suggest you to go for 3g umts architecture because we will compare lte architecture with 3g architecture and will analyse what new hardware is upgraded in 4G architecture so it is important first to understand 3g architecture you can refer previous post UMTS 3G Architecture 

now 4g is called LTE but actually lte is not 4g it is 3.9G which we have already discussed in my previous post, actual 4G will come with name LTE advance and you will get more high speed data in 4G compare to LTE.

in lte network architecture there are only three main component in this architecture given below.

1    eNodeB  (Evolve NodeB)

2    EPC        (Evolve packet core)

3    IMS        (IP multimedia subsystem) 

As you can see in above picture EPC is right side block details in which MME, HSS and SGW is present this is the main block of lte network architecture in short you can write only these three component for lte network architecture this is perfectly right.

lte network architecture features  

4g support variable bandwidth 1.4, 3,5,10,20 MHz 

if service provider operator company is small can buy small bandwidth as per his company requirement and can provide 4g network to his customer flexibility is there, if operator company is big can buy large bandwidth like Reliance jio has 20 MHz bandwidth in 22 circles so jio providing free data to his customers.

if we talk about data rate in 4g then DL(download) is 300 Mbps and  UL(upload) 75 Mbps the important technique use in lte network architecture for UL (SC-FDMA) single carrier frequency division multiple access  and for DL (OFDMA) orthogonal frequency multiple access modulation technique uses 64 QAM and now 256 QAM also available these are some important feature use in lte network architecture you must know.

lte network architecture components 

UE(user equipment) this is your mobile name user equipment in 4g architecture but in 2g architecture its name MS(mobile station) why in 4g UE because here mobile having screen touch, large screen, internet available, you can watch video, use voice call as well as data hence working like computer so it is called UE.

UE connect with eNodeB just like NodeB eNodeB function for radio resource management, radio bearer control how radio resource management is done by eNodeB see here eNodeB to eNodeB interface x2 available through which channel allocation is done between eNodeB to eNodeB this is important point this was not available in 3g architecture between NodeB, eNodeB has dynamic capability to allocate radio resource, eNodeB forward incoming request only it not process itself here eNodeB directly interface with EPC no any RNC involve like in 3g hence overhead hardware replaced so it decreases connectivity time in 4g we expect 2ms connectivity time while in 2g and 3g 10ms .

eNodeB connect with MME and SGW remember dotted line in above picture indicate control plan only mean when you are using data or voice call that time dotted connected hardware will not involve it will be only involve before connection setup so it is called control plan while the bold line connected hardware use for user plan this hardware involve when you are using voice and data call here you can clearly see the interface available between eNodeB and MME(mobility management entity) is S1-C  here C stand for control plan and similarly interface available between eNodeB and SGW(serving gateway) is S1-U here U stand for user plan MME work like VLR, MME also help in handover MME also select SGW for you on the basis of your location MME decide which SGW is near to you and will work better speed for you on the basis of all this parameter MME select final SGW for you.

SGW work for routing and forwarding user data packet 4g work on ip technology no any circuit switching each and every component allotted ip for connectivity SGW work for server connectivity user desired to connect like facebook, google this is done by SGW.

PDN-GW (packet data network gateway) its main work to assign o allocate  IP address to your mobile for internet connectivity if your mobile want to connect with other technology 2G, 3G then PDN-GW help for connectivity with other technology.

HSS(home subscriber server) this is just like HLR in 2g,3g all user data and identity information is stored in HSS.

PCRF(policy and charging rule function) its function is for billing of user data and voice call uses its sense user data consumed every minute you are using data and PCRF is looking you and updating its data base it also work for quality of service for user .

band use for lte network architecture band40, 2300 MHz .

now we will continue in next post i hope you have enjoyed learning lte network architecture if you like please share thanks for reading and sharing keep reading and reading.

dated 6th Oct 2018